2 Vulpeculae
2 Vulpeculae is a blue-white star, far hotter than the Sun, in the constellation Vulpecula. It is a subgiant: a star just beginning to leave the long, steady part of its life.
How far
1,200 light years
The light you see from 2 Vulpeculae tonight set off about 1,200 years ago. Everything we know about it is that much out of date.
Distances this great are hard to measure, and this one could be out by a fifth or more.
How bright
790 Suns
It gives out 790 times as much visible light as the Sun. It can just be seen by eye from a really dark place.
Astronomers put its brightness in our sky at magnitude 5.46. Smaller numbers are brighter, and the faintest stars the eye can see are about 6.
How hot
About 29,000 K
That is the temperature of its surface, worked out from its spectral type, B0.5IV, with a standard table of how hot stars of each type are. It is a guide and not a measurement, and could be out by a tenth or so. Its colour alone would suggest only about 9,900 K. Dust lying between us and the star reddens its light, the way the air reddens the setting Sun, so for this star the type is the better guide. The Sun's is 5,772 K. Hotter stars are bluer and cooler stars are redder, the same way a poker in a fire goes from red to white.
2 Vulpeculae, as it looks through the dustThe Sun
In your sky now
Working it out…
Its names
It has no name of its own. Its name by constellation is a number and the constellation it is in, from the catalogue of John Flamsteed, the first Astronomer Royal.
- By constellation (Flamsteed)
- 2 Vulpeculae
- Hipparcos catalogue
- HIP 94827
- Henry Draper catalogue
- HD 180968
- Spectral type
- B0.5IV
Where this comes from
Distance, brightness, colour and spectral type are from the HYG star database, version 4.4, by David Nash, shared under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 licence. Its distances are those measured by the Hipparcos satellite. The temperature is read from the spectral type with the table of Pecaut and Mamajek (2013), and the words are written for this site.
To read more: Colour and brightness, How stars live and die, Measuring distance.